WAEC GCE 2023 Government Essay, WAEC GCE 2023 Government OBJ Answers, 2023 WAEC GCE Government Essay & OBJ Answers
OBJECTIVES ANSWERS:
1-10: BDACBBABAC
11-20: DCBACBCCAA
21-30: DDDCCABCDB
31-40: ABABBBCDAC
41-50: CDCDBACCBA
(1)
(i) Representation of Diverse Views: A multi-party system allows for the representation of diverse political ideologies and perspectives. This ensures that a wide range of interests and concerns are addressed, promoting inclusivity and preventing the domination of a single party.
(ii) Accountability and Checks and Balances: Multiple parties create a system of checks and balances, where different parties act as watchdogs to ensure accountability. Opposition parties can question and challenge the ruling party’s policies, decisions, and actions, leading to better governance and reducing the risk of corruption or abuse of power.
(iii) Competition and Innovation: The presence of multiple parties fosters healthy competition among political parties. Parties compete to gain public support by offering innovative policies and ideas, which can lead to better governance and responsive decision-making.
(iv) Policy Debate and Discourse: A multi-party system encourages robust policy debates and discussions. Different parties present their viewpoints and engage in constructive debates, leading to well-informed decisions and policies that consider a variety of perspectives.
(v) Voter Choice and Participation: Multi-party systems provide voters with a wider range of choices during elections. This increases voter engagement and participation, as citizens have the opportunity to vote for parties that align with their values and priorities. Increased voter participation strengthens the democratic process and enhances the legitimacy of the government.
(2)
(i) Establishing Fundamental Rights and Freedoms: A constitution outlines the fundamental rights and freedoms of the citizens, providing a framework for protecting individual liberties. This ensures that the government operates within the boundaries set by the constitution, promoting fairness and equality.
(ii) Separation of Powers: A constitution typically divides the powers of the government into different branches, such as the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. This separation of powers helps prevent the concentration of authority in one entity, ensuring a system of checks and balances and preventing abuses of power.
(iii) Defining the Structure of Government: A constitution establishes the structure of government, including the roles and responsibilities of different institutions and the mechanisms for decision-making. This clarity helps facilitate effective governance and prevents confusion or conflicts regarding the distribution of power.
(iv) Setting Procedures for Lawmaking and Governance: A constitution often outlines the procedures for lawmaking, including the process for enacting, amending, and repealing laws. It also establishes guidelines for governance, such as the conduct of elections, appointment of public officials, and mechanisms for resolving disputes. These procedures ensure transparency, accountability, and stability in the governance process.
(v) Safeguarding the Constitution: A constitution typically includes provisions for its own protection and amendment. It may require special procedures or thresholds for amending the constitution, ensuring that any changes are deliberate and reflective of the will of the people. This helps maintain the integrity and stability of the constitution, providing a solid foundation for the smooth governance of the state.
(6)
(i) Preservation of Cultural Heritage: Chiefs and traditional authorities play a significant role in preserving Nigeria’s rich cultural heritage. They possess deep knowledge of local customs, traditions, and values. By involving them in democratic governance, we can ensure that these cultural aspects are respected and integrated into the decision-making process.
(ii) Grassroots Representation: Chiefs and traditional authorities often have a strong connection with the local communities they serve. They understand the needs, aspirations, and challenges faced by the people at the grassroots level. By including them in democratic governance, we can ensure that the voices of these communities are heard and their interests are adequately represented.
(iii) Conflict Resolution: Chiefs and traditional authorities have traditionally played a crucial role in mediating disputes and resolving conflicts within their communities. Their experience and wisdom can contribute to peaceful resolution of conflicts in a democratic governance system. Their involvement can help promote social cohesion and harmony.
(iv) Local Knowledge and Expertise: Chiefs and traditional authorities possess a wealth of local knowledge and expertise that can be valuable in decision-making processes. Their insights on issues such as land management, resource allocation, and community development can inform policies and initiatives at the local level, leading to more effective and sustainable governance.
(v) Strengthening Democratic Legitimacy: Involving chiefs and traditional authorities in democratic governance can enhance the legitimacy of the system. They are often highly respected and trusted by the people they serve. By including them in decision-making processes, we can bridge the gap between traditional and modern systems of governance, fostering a sense of inclusivity and legitimacy among the population.
(9)
(i) Unity in Diversity: Another very important need or factor that encouraged the practice of Nigerian federalism was the desire to bring unity among the various federating units despite the diversity (differences) in their ethnic, socio-cultural geographical and religious backgrounds.
(ii) Controlling the activities of states: The federal system of government as operated in Nigeria is purposely designed to allay the fear of domination by a major ethnic group. In light of this, the system confers supreme powers to the central government to protect the various federating units while at the same time controlling the activities of the states that make up the federation.
(iii) Fear of External Aggression: The amalgamation of smaller states to form a federation is usually necessitated for fear of domination and/or external attack by bigger or powerful states, Some countries, Nigeria for instance, chose to adopt the federal system of government purposely to form a common and stronger government to help secure the sovereignty of the country and protect her political integrity.
(iv) Even Development: Economic factor is another aspect that brings people together to form a federation. To this end therefore, federalism promotes and ensures rapid and ever development of II parts of the federating states, Federation promotes equal distribution of resources to the various component units,
(v) Administrative Efficiency: To meet the administrative needs of states with large expanse of land, a federation is formed for harmony and administrative efficiency among the various states. It also helps in curbing or alleviating the problem of ethnic, sociocultural, religious and political sentiments chauvinism.